6 citations
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May 2023 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” IL-15 and TNF-α levels are higher in alopecia areata patients, especially in alopecia totalis.
74 citations
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May 2016 in “Current opinion in pediatrics, with evaluated MEDLINE/Current opinion in pediatrics” Both vitiligo and alopecia areata involve an immune response triggered by stress and specific genes, with treatments targeting this pathway showing potential.
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January 2010 in “Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology” The ID2 gene can help distinguish between sensitizers and irritants in skin cells.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Discoid lupus erythematosus involves immune activation and fibrosis around hair follicles, with shared pathways across humans, dogs, and mice, suggesting potential treatments for both humans and animals.
1 citations
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May 2023 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Allergen-specific immunotherapy can significantly improve hair loss and dermatitis symptoms in severe cases.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” A JAK1 variant causes hair loss, skin issues, and thyroid disease, but treatment with a specific inhibitor can help.
20 citations
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March 1985 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Genetic factors alone might not cause pemphigus vulgaris; other factors like birth complications and puberty may trigger it.
148 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing hair loss, linked to specific hair follicle antigens and genetic factors.
January 2023 in “Journal of men's health” Higher dihydrotestosterone may be linked to more inflammation in COVID-19 patients with low testosterone.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to chronic inflammation and immune system issues in Lichen planopilaris.
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November 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” STAT3 signaling is important for healthy skin and hair follicles, and its disruption can lead to skin conditions like atopic dermatitis.
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September 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” γδ T cells are crucial for early wound healing after a skin virus infection.
April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” HSD11b1 affects skin nerves and increases non-histaminergic itch.
46 citations
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November 2022 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Bullous pemphigoid is influenced by genetic factors, immune cell dysfunction, aging, and triggers, with treatment often improving symptoms.
1 citations
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July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-27 may help prevent hair loss by creating immune-suppressing cells.
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March 2024 in “Viruses” γδ T cells are essential for wound healing after poxvirus infection.
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June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Bullous pemphigoid, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and alopecia areata may share immune-related causes.
16 citations
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May 1998 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Stress hormones like cortisol may trigger psoriasis flare-ups.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A virus protein can activate a pathway that may lead to abnormal hair follicle development.
18 citations
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August 2024 in “eLife” JAK inhibition may help manage autoimmune conditions in Down syndrome.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Allergic contact dermatitis may promote hair growth by activating hair follicle stem cells.
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September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Anti-Desmocollin 3 antibodies can cause pemphigus-like symptoms in mice.
April 2025 in “International Journal of General Medicine” The G allele of IFITM3 rs12252 is linked to more severe COVID-19.
102 citations
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December 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Restoring hair bulb immune privilege is crucial for managing alopecia areata.
January 2026 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” Regulatory T cells and mesenchymal stem cells work together to prevent immune system overreactions and tissue damage.
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April 2020 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause scalp inflammation and hair follicle issues.
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January 2008 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A patient's skin rash did not affect the area where a previous viral rash was healing, suggesting a rare immune response.
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January 2024 in “Skin Research and Technology” The study suggested certain immune cells might cause alopecia areata, but it was retracted.
7 citations
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February 2023 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” The protein interleukin-1 alpha helps regenerate hair follicles and increase stem cell growth in mice.