November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
3 citations
,
January 2004 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” DTDG in hair treatments reduces damage and preserves hair structure.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” Permanent wave treatment with thioglycolic acid changes hair structure by altering disulfide bonds.
18 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
November 2017 in “Koubunshi rombunshuu/Kōbunshi ronbunshū” Hematin in shampoo helps repair and straighten damaged hair.
5 citations
,
June 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Chemical hair straightening may be linked to a type of permanent hair loss.
January 2012 in “Jounal of The Korean Society of cosmetology” Applying conditioner mid-treatment reduces hair damage during perms.
2 citations
,
January 2022 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Chemical hair straighteners can cause scalp and hair damage, but long-term effects are unclear.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
25 citations
,
May 2008 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Conditioning agents, especially jojoba oil and lauryl PEG/PPG-18/18 methicone, protect and strengthen chemically straightened Afro-ethnic hair.
July 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new 6-point scale reliably measures heat damage to hair from styling tools.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
23 citations
,
June 2014 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Glyoxylic acid is a safer alternative to formaldehyde for hair straightening and effectively changes hair structure.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
1 citations
,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Twisting hair weakens it, but strength can be recovered at low twist levels.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
Applying conditioner in the middle of a perm process reduces hair damage.
April 2023 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Direct heat perms cause more damage to hair than softening heat perms.
70 citations
,
June 1998 in “Polymer” Permanent waving damages hair by disrupting its keratin structure.
8 citations
,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
3 citations
,
August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
2 citations
,
January 2011 Relaxers straighten African hair by breaking down its helical structure using strong bases.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” The herbal cream effectively smooths and straightens hair safely.
NaOH treatment improves hair strength and suitability for textiles.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “Skin Research and Technology” The technique helps measure how hair styling ingredients affect hair's stiffness and flexibility.
8 citations
,
August 1993 in “Colloid & Polymer Science” The observed "toughening" in keratin was actually due to water evaporation, not a real change in keratin.
October 2012 in “한국미용학회지” For best curls and hair health, use keratin and ceramide after rinsing, or skip rinsing for stable curls.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” ATG effectively reduces hair frizz without damaging hair strength.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” The herbal cream effectively smooths and straightens hair safely.