December 2009 in “Saengmyeong gwahag hoeji/Saengmyeong gwahak hoeji” Thymosin β4 and VEGF are important for blood vessel formation in many organs.
18 citations
,
January 2017 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” Certain immune cells contribute to severe hair loss in chronic alopecia areata, with Th17 cells possibly having a bigger impact than cytotoxic T cells.
50 citations
,
December 2005 in “European Journal of Immunology” RXRα is crucial for proper immune response and links diet to immune function.
62 citations
,
June 2015 in “The Journal of Dermatology” People with alopecia areata have more Th17 cells and fewer Treg cells, which may be key to the condition's development.
3 citations
,
November 2020 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” Eyelash loss can be a sign of thyroid problems.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Aging reduces skin cell renewal and defense against germs due to TGFbeta, but blocking TGFbeta could help restore these functions.
288 citations
,
January 2001 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Tgm2 helps stabilize dying cells and aids fibroblast attachment to the extracellular matrix.
6 citations
,
April 2017 in “Experimental dermatology” CD80CD86 deficiency causes hair loss by disrupting regulatory T cells.
December 2009 in “생명과학회지” Thymosin β4 and VEGF are important for organ function and may help with blood vessel formation.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman with severe hypothyroidism had a rare skin condition usually linked to a different thyroid disease.
49 citations
,
November 2012 in “Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry” Non-motor symptoms in myasthenia gravis are common and need early diagnosis for better management.
6 citations
,
March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Follicular dystrophy in immunocompromised patients may be linked to medication or viral factors and can improve with treatment changes.
Skin changes can help predict thyroid diseases.
28 citations
,
January 2016 in “Vitamins and hormones” Thymosin β4 helps improve skin healing and reduce scarring.
Thymosin β4 helps with healing, inflammation, and organ protection.
April 2025 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Thyroid disorders are linked to skin issues and autoimmune skin diseases.
March 2024 in “Romanian Medical Journal” Early diagnosis and treatment of achalasia and hyperthyroidism improve patient outcomes.
34 citations
,
December 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Too much thymosin beta4 causes weird teeth and more hair growth in mice.
CD4 T cells need IFN-γ to cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
May 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hypothyroidism patients with hair loss typically have thinning hair, smaller hair follicles, and normal hair shedding.
October 2016 in “Veterinary record case reports” A cat had a rare skin disorder with hair loss and scaling, linked to a suspected tumor.
14 citations
,
February 2007 in “Irish Veterinary Journal” A dog with a pituitary tumor developed tertiary hypothyroidism, improved with treatment, but was later euthanized due to neurological issues.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Certain immune cells in atopic dermatitis skin could be targeted for treatment.
7 citations
,
August 2008 in “Immunogenetics” A gene mutation in mice causes increased mast cells and disorganized hair follicles in their skin.
30 citations
,
July 2019 in “PloS one” Patients with Alopecia areata have fewer specific immune cells that normally regulate the immune system, which may contribute to the condition.
August 2019 in “Journal of Invertebrate Pathology” Thymosin beta 4 protects cells from damage by blocking a harmful microRNA and boosting a protective gene.
54 citations
,
November 1986 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Generalized trichoepitheliomas with hair loss may indicate myasthenia gravis.
December 2014 in “Journal of Biomedical Research” Recombinant thymosin β4 promotes blood vessel growth and reduces muscle damage.
September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-17 and certain immune cells are linked to more severe alopecia areata.
January 2021 in “ABC Heart Failure & Cardiomyopathy” A 90-year-old man was diagnosed with heart failure due to wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.