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Congenital atrichia is a rare condition where children are born without hair, and treatment is often ineffective.

Ellis van Creveld syndrome, a rare genetic disorder, can cause unexpected abnormalities in various body organs, requiring thorough patient evaluations.

A 12-year-old boy with twenty nail dystrophy, a condition affecting all nails, was treated conservatively due to its self-limiting nature and good prognosis.

Treating alopecia areata is difficult due to limited approved treatments, but new therapies like JAK inhibitors show promise.

A patient with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome improved with nutritional support and steroids, but early diagnosis is key due to high mortality.

Oral cyclosporin doesn't stop hair loss.

Hair transplantation between identical twins can successfully treat severe, nonprogressive hair loss due to follicular aplasia.

A Jordanian family with Clouston syndrome has a common GJB6 gene mutation.

A young child with complete hair loss improved significantly with a combination of hair growth treatments and laser therapy.

The document discusses hair and nail conditions, updates on treatments for alopecia, and controversies around finasteride use.

Terbinafine is the most effective medicine for fungal nail infections, especially for diabetics and those with weak immune systems.

Smaller reticle sizes are as accurate as the standard size for measuring hair density in hair restoration.

An 8-year-old girl had nail and hair issues that improved without specific treatment, but fungal nail infection was hard to cure.

A 60-year-old man with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome improved with treatment, but the condition has a high mortality rate and a risk of colorectal cancer.

A new mutation in the TRPS1 gene was found in a Ukrainian girl with Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I.

Women with androgenetic alopecia have fewer terminal hairs, phenol in nail surgery is safe, and a new hair transplant method is faster and less damaging.

The study concluded that yellow dots are a common and useful sign for diagnosing alopecia areata in dark-skinned individuals and may indicate the severity of the condition.

The monkey's hair loss was due to an autoimmune disease, not genetics.

Acitretin helped improve hand mobility and skin condition in a patient.

A 6-year-old girl with Turner syndrome also had psoriasis, alopecia areata, and trachyonychia.

Acitretin treatment unexpectedly darkened a patient's gray hair.

A boy's hair, nails, and skin improved after 6 months of steroid treatment.

A child with rough nails also had hair loss and allergies.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in temporary hair loss, and stress is often a suspected cause.

Robotic-assisted hair transplant is effective and less painful, but needs more evaluation for long-term results.

Early subungual melanoma might be treated with less aggressive surgery because it invades the skin under the nail more slowly.

The document concludes that understanding nail anatomy is key for diagnosing nail diseases, early signs of nail melanoma may allow for less aggressive treatment, and specific genetic mutations are important in thyroid cancer prognosis and treatment.

Non-scarring hair loss can be diagnosed with two 4mm punch biopsies, one cut vertically and the other transversely.

RET mutation is important in familial medullary thyroid carcinoma, and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma is linked to more aggressive cancer and higher death rates.

Age, race, family history, and certain genetic factors increase prostate cancer risk.