The document recommends a multidisciplinary approach and experience sharing to advance facial feminization surgery as a medical field.
4 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” Gender-affirming hormone therapy in South Korea aligns with international guidelines and has specific side effects.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
157 citations
,
May 2016 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery/PSEF CD journals” Facial feminization surgery is safe and patients are satisfied, but more detailed research is needed.
February 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Transgender patients with hair loss need personalized treatment plans considering their unique needs.
July 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”
17 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” Early medical support for transgender youth is important for their health, with low regret for gender-affirming hormone use and a need for knowledgeable care providers.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “AACE clinical case reports” Testosterone pellets might work for transgender men's hormone therapy, but more research is needed.
20 citations
,
March 1975 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” The study concludes that a genetic mutation in TFM mice leads to reduced androgen receptor activity, affecting the body's response to male hormones.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
January 2023 in “Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery” Hair transplants help transgender patients look more like their gender identity, with different procedures for trans women and men.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
21 citations
,
December 1977 in “Journal of pediatric surgery” Individuals with male pseudohermaphroditism often do better raised as females with early surgery.
17 citations
,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Medicina” Hormone therapy improves mental well-being in transgender individuals but requires ongoing health monitoring.
January 2021 in “Open MIND” Hormone therapy in transgender people requires careful monitoring due to potential health risks and lack of standardized test values.
14 citations
,
March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Hair transplantation can help transgender patients affirm their gender identity.
25 citations
,
September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
17 citations
,
February 2018 in “British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery” Forehead reduction and orbital contouring are important for satisfactory facial feminization in transgender females, with high satisfaction and low long-term problems.
3 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Feminizing hormone therapy increases hair counts and improves hair-related quality of life, while masculinizing therapy may reduce large terminal hairs.
855 citations
,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
9 citations
,
July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.
June 2023 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Gender-affirming hormone therapy changes hair growth in transgender people, with feminizing therapy reducing hair and masculinizing therapy increasing it, but sometimes additional treatment is needed.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
13 citations
,
March 2016 in “Progress in Transplantation” Healthcare providers need better understanding and cultural sensitivity to improve care for transgender patients with kidney failure needing transplants.
4 citations
,
February 2025 in “Endokrynologia Polska” Provide individualized, supportive care for transgender and non-binary adolescents to improve their well-being.
July 2025 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.
8 citations
,
March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.