316 citations
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June 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.
141 citations
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November 2005 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.
55 citations
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June 2009 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Minoxidil promotes hair growth by penetrating skin, with ethanol-containing formulas working best.
40 citations
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November 2017 in “International journal of nanomedicine” DA liposomes with chloramphenicol effectively target hair follicles and combat MRSA with minimal skin toxicity.
39 citations
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September 2016 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” New drug delivery methods can make natural compounds more effective and stable.
39 citations
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November 2013 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Massage increases how deep both rigid and flexible liposomes can go into skin, with flexible ones going deeper, and covering the skin (occlusion) helps rigid ones more.
34 citations
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July 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” The document concludes that there is no agreed-upon best method for measuring drug delivery within hair follicles and more research is needed to validate current techniques.
33 citations
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February 2021 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Transdermal drug delivery systems are effective and promising for future use.
32 citations
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December 2017 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” Minoxidil and caffeine in transfersomes improve hair growth treatment.
27 citations
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September 2018 in “Medicines” Oleic acid nanovesicles improve minoxidil absorption in hair follicles for alopecia treatment.
27 citations
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August 2018 in “Therapeutic Delivery” Nanotechnology could make hair loss treatments more effective and reduce side effects, but more research is needed before it's available.
19 citations
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September 2020 in “Pharmaceutics” Sodium Valproate nanospanlastics could be a safe and effective treatment for Androgenic Alopecia, with fewer side effects than minoxidil.
18 citations
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February 2025 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” The microneedle patches effectively treat allergic conjunctivitis with controlled, sustained release of medication.
15 citations
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February 2013 in “Pharmaceutical nanotechnology” Finasteride delivery through skin improved using invasomes and iontophoresis.
13 citations
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January 2020 in “Nanoscale” Finasteride and baicalin in phospholipid vesicles effectively promote hair growth and increase follicle count.
12 citations
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June 2022 in “FARMACIA” Transethosomal gels improve naftifine skin delivery better than Exoderil cream.
10 citations
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May 2021 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” Coenzyme Q10 vesicular formulations can potentially treat androgenic alopecia by promoting hair growth and thickness.
10 citations
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April 2016 in “Research and reports in transdermal drug delivery” Transfollicular drug delivery is promising but needs more research to improve and understand it better.
9 citations
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October 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Nanotechnology is improving drug delivery and targeting, with promising applications in cancer treatment, gene therapy, and cosmetics, but challenges remain in ensuring precise delivery and safety.
6 citations
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December 2015 in “International journal of nanomedicine” Using sonophoresis can make it harder for certain drug-loaded liposomes to get through the skin.
1 citations
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January 2023 in “Journal of pharmaceutical and biological sciences” Ethosomes are a promising way to deliver drugs through the skin.
2 citations
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November 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics X” Desmopressin-loaded liposomes can effectively deliver drugs through the skin, improving bioavailability and patient compliance.
Cetirizine-loaded gel may effectively promote hair growth in alopecia.
29 citations
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May 2025 in “Polymers” DLP bioprinting shows promise for medical uses, but needs more material options and strength improvements.
19 citations
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May 2021 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Minoxidil and finasteride are the best for non-scarring hair loss; more research is needed for scarring hair loss treatments.
122 citations
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December 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Nanoparticles improve skin treatment but need more research on safety and effectiveness.
January 2024 in “IFMBE proceedings” 25 citations
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July 2022 in “Pharmaceutics” Spanlastic nanovesicles can improve efinaconazole delivery through nails.
11 citations
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July 2023 in “Applied Nanoscience”
June 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” Ethosomes with 30% ethanol effectively deliver dutasteride to hair follicles for treating hair loss.