September 2002 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin can start ovulation and may lower 17P response in PCOS, but six months is too short to improve hair growth or change body fat distribution.
2 citations
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April 2007 in “Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals” The conclusion is that tritium-labeled testosterone metabolites can be made and are better converted into dihydrotestosterone in skin cells than in prostate tissue.
June 2015 in “Obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive medicine” Hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, is often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and is treated by targeting the cause, lifestyle changes, and medication.
March 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Low-dose oral minoxidil effectively treats alopecia but can cause side effects like excess hair growth and fluid retention.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Adolescents with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are linked to hair growth but don't help diagnose PCOS better than testosterone levels.
October 2025 in “Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College” Free testosterone is the most common hormone marker in PCOS, and age affects DHEAS levels.
3 citations
,
May 2018 in “Reproductive Sciences” The drug BAY 1158061 is safe, well-tolerated, and shows potential for treating diseases related to prolactin.
January 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” Ketoconazole improved symptoms of ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome despite inconclusive initial scans.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” A rare case of Cushing's syndrome and pheochromocytoma requires careful re-evaluation to avoid complications.
11 citations
,
July 2012 in “Current Opinion in Pediatrics” Skin problems can be signs of hormone-related disorders and recognizing them early is important for treatment.
30 citations
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June 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” The document concludes that managing non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia in females requires personalized treatment, genetic counseling, and a team of specialists.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” High doses of testosterone disrupt hormone levels and receptor expression in the uterus, affecting fertility.
October 2025 in “Medicine” A potential link exists between unexplained hormone deficiency, hair loss, and testicular tumors, suggesting thorough screening is needed.
16 citations
,
January 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogen drugs can reduce PSA levels in women with excess hair, suggesting PSA is a sign of male hormone activity in women.
May 2006 in “Women's Health Medicine” Excessive hair growth in women, often from high androgen levels, is usually caused by PCOS, and can be treated with hair removal, medication, and possibly weight loss.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
April 2025 in “The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist” Hirsutism is managed by assessing testosterone levels and using oral contraceptives, with ethical considerations on treatment access.
43 citations
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July 2003 in “Andrology” Hormonal male contraception is effective and could be market-ready, but more research is needed to ensure safety for all ethnic groups.
December 1951 in “Journal of the American Medical Association” Propylthiouracil treatment can cause hair loss.
5 citations
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January 2017 in “Acta Endocrinologica” High androgen levels in postmenopausal women may suggest an ovarian tumor, and removing it can improve heart and metabolic health.
January 1977 in “Case Reports in Medicine” Steroid cell tumors in the ovary are rare, can produce testosterone causing symptoms, and are mainly treated with surgery.
April 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” PFS affects some women, steroids easily bought online, hypogonadism info unreliable, low testosterone linked to CVD.
8 citations
,
January 1987 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Flutamide, an antiandrogen, has minimal impact on female rat endocrine systems and does not significantly change their reproductive cycles.
99 citations
,
June 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
6 citations
,
November 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.
July 2024 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Certain medications, including some immune drugs, contraceptives, and hair loss treatments, are often linked to hair loss.
23 citations
,
June 1997 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” Most women with too much androgens have PCOS, which can be managed with birth control pills, medication for hair growth, and fertility treatments, and losing weight helps too.
42 citations
,
April 2013 in “Steroids” Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.
96 citations
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February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.
May 2024 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Oral minoxidil 7.5 mg for hair loss increases heart rate but not blood pressure.