16 citations
,
February 2009 in “Clinical neurology and neurosurgery” Switching to extended-release divalproex sodium improved patient-reported tremor but did not change seizure frequency or most side effects.
4 citations
,
November 2001 in “Journal of Neuropsychiatry” Divalproex sodium can sometimes worsen behavior in some patients.
November 2001 in “The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences/The journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences” Divalproex sodium can unexpectedly cause agitation and hyperactivity in some patients.
September 2009 in “European journal of paediatric neurology” Biotin supplements did not significantly reduce hair loss in rats on valproic acid.
22 citations
,
September 2008 in “Brain & development” Biotin supplements increased biotin levels but did not significantly prevent hair loss in rats on valproic acid.
550 citations
,
January 2012 in “Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)” Lithium can cause some health issues, but severe risks are low.
March 2002 in “Clin-Alert” In 2002, various drugs caused serious side effects, including vitamin B12 deficiency, heart issues, blindness, hypersexuality, allergic reactions, blood clotting problems, pupil dilation, capillary leak syndrome, muscle breakdown, hepatitis, skin reactions, and lupus.
29 citations
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October 2009 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” 4 citations
,
October 2015 in “JAAD Case Reports” Surgical grafting may fix nail issues caused by valproic acid.
46 citations
,
December 2014 in “Epilepsy & behavior” Some antiepileptic drugs can cause weight gain and hair loss, especially in women.
Long-term use of seizure medications can disrupt calcium metabolism, but this can be treated with vitamin D or UV light and does not affect seizure control.
14 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of Intensive Care” Lithium poisoning can cause severe health complications and requires careful monitoring.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Morphology” Vitamin E can reduce the negative effects of valproic acid on hair and skin development.
June 2014 in “Belarusian State Pedagogical University repository (Belarusian State Pedagogical University)” Progesterone and its metabolites can prevent seizures without major side effects.
32 citations
,
January 2006 in “Liver transplantation” Vitamin A toxicity can cause severe health issues and may require a liver transplant if other treatments fail.
1 citations
,
April 2015 in “Russkij žurnal detskoj nevrologii” Antiepileptic drugs can cause side effects like menstrual problems and infertility in women with epilepsy, but most pregnancies result in healthy babies, with newer drugs being safer.
2 citations
,
November 2025 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives” Avacopan may cause unexpected side effects, so early monitoring is important.
July 2008 in “European Journal of Cancer Supplements”
14 citations
,
June 1952 in “The BMJ” Phenobarbitone can cause severe and sometimes fatal skin reactions.
76 citations
,
May 2011 in “Liver transplantation” Liver transplantation is a viable option for children with propionic acidemia, improving quality of life and diet, but does not remove all risks and long-term brain outcomes are uncertain.
4 citations
,
July 2019 in “Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain” Low alternating doses of sodium divalproate reduced migraine frequency but caused weight gain.
January 2016 in “Refubium (Universitätsbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin)” CAP7.1 is generally safe at 200 mg/m²/day, but can cause fatigue, nausea, hair loss, fever, and blood-related issues.
October 2011 in “The American Journal of Gastroenterology” Esomeprazole can cause hepatitis.
2 citations
,
June 1985 in “PubMed” Ethylenthiourea is toxic to the liver and nervous system, especially with alcohol.
7 citations
,
September 1999 in “PubMed” Eating grouper fish liver can cause vitamin A poisoning with severe symptoms.
123 citations
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June 2006 in “Journal of Neurobiology” Progesterone protects brain cells, but Provera does not.
January 2025 in “Exploratory Animal and Medical Research” Lithium carbonate and lead acetate together harm the heart more than individually.
July 2014 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Applying valproic acid on the scalp increased hair growth in men with hair loss.
March 2026 in “Critical Care Medicine” Hair restoration can cause severe seizures due to combined drug toxicity.
November 2014 in “Clinical Neurophysiology” High doses of progesterone can reduce seizures in mice.