The conclusion is that a more comprehensive and precise approach is needed for diagnosing PCOS to address its broader health risks.
April 2017 in “Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences” Most women with excess hair growth had Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and severity wasn't linked to hormone levels.
January 2017 in “Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)” Plasma protein binding significantly affects glucocorticosteroid concentration in blood, saliva, and hair.
December 2016 in “University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)” Steroid-producing capabilities in certain cancers may contribute to treatment resistance.
Many women with postadolescent acne also have hormonal imbalances and are at higher risk for metabolic issues.
January 2012 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Androgens can cause acne, excess hair, and hair loss, treatable with dermatologist-guided therapies.
January 2004 in “Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University)” Women with PCOS have higher 5alpha-reductase activity, affecting steroid levels.
January 2004 in “Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University)” Women with PCOS have higher 5alpha-reductase activity, affecting steroid levels.
December 1997 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Most women with excessive hair growth have a hormonal cause.
August 2002 in “Zeitschrift für Hautkrankheiten” Female pattern hair loss affects crown, increases with age, and has limited treatments.
April 1999 in “Therapeutische Umschau” Hair loss and excessive growth treated with various options, including new laser technology.
January 2014 in “European Geriatric Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's virilization was caused by a rare ovarian tumor that was hard to detect but was successfully treated with surgery.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” Thorough evaluation is crucial for postmenopausal women with virilization to detect rare ovarian tumors.
May 2013 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” Ovarian stromal tumors are a rare cause of women developing male characteristics after menopause.
46 citations
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December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.
6 citations
,
December 2013 in “Medical Journal of Australia” Bald men are not more virile and may have fewer sexual partners.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.
1 citations
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December 1998 in “PubMed” Surgery on a 68-year-old woman with an ovarian tumor led to reduced hirsutism and normal testosterone levels.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University)” Advertisements shape and reinforce idealized masculinity and gender norms.
June 2013 in “Lithuanian University of Health Sciences” Hyperandrogenism does not affect young women's sexual function.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “Journal of SAFOMS” A rare ovarian tumor can cause unusual male-like symptoms, but surgery usually leads to a good outcome.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.
July 2025 in “AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes” Ovarian hyperthecosis caused high testosterone and virilization symptoms in a 60-year-old woman, which improved after surgery.
67 citations
,
April 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A subtle androgen receptor abnormality can allow normal male development and sometimes fertility despite partial androgen resistance.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
1 citations
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August 2023 in “Case Reports in Women s Health” Leydig cell hyperplasia can cause virilization in postmenopausal women and is treatable with surgery.
March 1997 in “The Lancet” Hirsutism is abnormal male-pattern hair growth in females due to excess androgens.
May 2025 in “International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology” Ovarian tumors should be considered when postmenopausal women show signs of virilization.
111 citations
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.