3 citations
,
March 1992 in “Journal of clinical pathology” Most women with excess hair growth need only a clinical evaluation and minimal tests unless they show signs of virilism.
2 citations
,
September 2007 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Local testosterone treatment improved sexual desire in a female with fragile X syndrome.
2 citations
,
November 2022 in “Veterinary sciences” The interdigital gland of Vembur sheep shows sex-based differences in size and chemical makeup, possibly affecting communication and disease protection.
21 citations
,
July 2019 in “Cardiovascular Research” High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.
5 citations
,
September 2009 in “Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine” Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract and its compound may help treat enlarged prostate.
127 citations
,
June 2008 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.
3 citations
,
October 2011 in “JAT. Journal of applied toxicology/Journal of applied toxicology” Doxazosin mesylate and saw palmetto cause genetic changes in fruit flies.
71 citations
,
November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.
December 2018 in “Actas urológicas españolas” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may have additional effects on cancer, mental health, heart health, and hormone levels beyond treating prostate enlargement.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Cyproterone acetate is used to treat conditions like prostate cancer, early puberty, excessive sexual drive, and female androgenization by affecting androgen functions and suppressing certain hormones.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of clinical medicine research” Menopause causes significant changes in the vaginal introitus, but less so in the labia majora, which may lead to symptoms of vaginal atrophy.
February 2021 in “Facta Universitatis” Too much prolactin can cause menstrual problems, infertility, and sexual issues in women.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
27 citations
,
January 1984 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.
2 citations
,
November 2016 in “Current sexual health reports” Over-the-counter products can help with menopause symptoms, but be aware of their ingredients.
22 citations
,
March 2003 in “Steroids” PM-9 and finasteride effectively inhibit the enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT.
5 citations
,
September 2024 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Sertoli cell transplants can reduce inflammation and improve sperm quality.
October 2022 in “Biomedicines” Finasteride in male rats causes liver and metabolic issues in their offspring.
January 2002 in “NCSU Libraries Repository (North Carolina State University Libraries)” 17b-Estradiol in skin affects hair growth and tumor promotion.
25 citations
,
September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
November 2023 in “Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine” Vitamin E with oral contraceptives helps reduce PCOS symptoms by affecting hormone levels and stress.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
14 citations
,
January 1980 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Both treatments reduced androgen levels and hair growth in women with hirsutism.
May 2022 in “Reactions Weekly”
22 citations
,
October 2019 in “Cerebral cortex” Sex neurosteroids cause different effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in males and females.
1 citations
,
December 2011 in “Arzneimittelforschung” CB-03-04 shows promise as a treatment for prostate issues due to its strong anti-androgen effects.
232 citations
,
June 1975 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.
55 citations
,
July 2013 in “Dermatologic therapy” Some dermatological medications can impair male fertility, so consult a doctor before trying to conceive.
57 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.