52 citations
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April 2002 in “Brain Research” Lower allopregnanolone levels increase stress-related dopamine release in the brain.
42 citations
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December 2007 in “American Journal of Psychiatry” Finasteride may effectively reduce Tourette's syndrome symptoms and improve life quality.
February 2021 in “The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update” Finasteride use in young people may increase risk of suicidal thoughts and mental health issues.
January 2008 in “xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference”
54 citations
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May 2018 in “International journal of risk & safety in medicine” Antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors, and isotretinoin can cause long-lasting sexual dysfunction.
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November 2018 in “Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (Print)” Fluconazole can cause hair loss, but the exact cause is unknown.
March 2014 in “The Journal of Urology” Long-term treatment with finasteride or combined therapy worsens sexual function in men with urinary issues.
3 citations
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August 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Higher doses of spironolactone may improve acne in PCOS patients, but side effects are a concern.
Lithium can cause sexual issues, hair loss, and skin problems, with some treatments available but needing more research.
10 citations
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January 2017 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Finasteride may cause vitiligo, sexual issues, and depression; better treatments and predicting side effects needed.
September 2025 in “Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum” Mirtazapine can cause male breast enlargement.
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September 1990 in “Fertility and sterility” Ketoconazole can treat ovarian hyperandrogenism but should be used cautiously with monitoring and birth control.
112 citations
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April 2009 in “Cochrane library” Spironolactone may reduce excessive hair growth in women but its effectiveness for acne is not supported.
April 2026 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”
January 2003 in “Reactions Weekly” Lowering the dose of cyclosporin caused hair loss that didn't improve even when the dose was increased again.
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February 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Metformin and thiazolidinediones are similarly effective for PCOS, but metformin is often preferred due to fewer side effects.
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August 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, may cause depression, but more research is needed to understand why.
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January 2008 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” AC-5216 reduces anxiety in mice through neurosteroids affecting GABAA receptors.
105 citations
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March 2006 in “Human reproduction” Metformin improves quality of life, emotional health, and sex life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
March 2023 in “Current Pharmaceutical Design” Spironolactone is effective for idiopathic hirsutism but has limited effects on other PCOS symptoms.
January 2021 in “Clinical dermatology open access journal” Dermatologists in Western Rajasthan often prescribe doxepin for elderly patients with skin and mental health issues.
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January 2012 in “Shijie zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi” The compound zishenqing formula is effective and safe for treating mild to moderate systemic lupus erythematosus.
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October 2003 Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.
223 citations
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December 2010 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.
15 citations
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June 2019 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” Isoallopregnanolone may be a safe and effective treatment for reducing tics in a mouse model of Tourette syndrome.
March 2026 in “Journal of Clinical and Basic Psychosomatics” Tianmeng oral liquid may help with insomnia, anxiety, and depression.
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December 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Terazosin and finasteride together cause no major issues.
September 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Finasteride may help reduce opioid use.
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