October 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”
A protein called EGFR protects hair follicle stemcells, and when it's disrupted, hair follicles can be damaged, but blocking certain pathways can restore hair growth.
Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cellpathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
The conversation discusses various hair growth treatments, including topical and oral minoxidil, microneedling, LLLT, PRP, exosomes, latanoprost, copper peptides, and upcoming treatments like PP405 and Vdphl01. It also covers managing side effects of minoxidil, such as dry scalp, and mentions the use of dutasteride and finasteride for hair loss.
PP405 is a new hair loss treatment that may outperform minoxidil and finasteride by growing thick hair in bald areas within four weeks. Its release is expected around 2028, but concerns about its long-term efficacy and cost remain.
Corticosterone inhibits GAS6, affecting hair follicle stem-cell activity, with potential implications for stress-related hair loss. Ashwagandha and Vitamin K are suggested for reducing cortisol, but their effectiveness is debated.
Hair loss treatments include finasteride, minoxidil, microneedling, dutasteride, CB-03-01, RU-58841, and experimental options like KY-19382 and stemcell therapy. Some treatments are considered ineffective or risky, such as ketoconazole, PRP, and low-level laser therapy.
Hair loss treatments still rely heavily on minoxidil, finasteride, and RU58841, with little innovation. Future treatments like stemcell therapy and RNA technology show promise but are not yet available.