Biochemical Alterations And Immune-Inflammatory Responses In Alopecia Areata: A Case-Control Study

A case-control study involving 50 alopecia areata (AA) patients and 35 healthy controls found that AA is associated with immune activation and systemic inflammation, as evidenced by significantly elevated levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, and CRP in patients. Additionally, AA individuals showed significantly reduced serum levels of Ferritin and Folate, indicating micronutrient deficiencies. Although TSH levels showed a non-significant trend toward elevation, the study highlights the multifactorial pathophysiology of AA, involving immune dysregulation and nutritional imbalances. The diagnostic performance for IL-4 and CRP was excellent.