Epidemiology, Genetics, and Risk Factors in Androgenetic Alopecia
May 2026
in “
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
”
androgenetic alopecia AGA dihydrotestosterone DHT 5-alpha reductase minoxidil finasteride platelet-rich plasma PRP low-level laser therapy hair transplants anagen phase telogen phase follicular sensitivity androgen hormones inflammation oxidative stress microvascular changes Propecia Rogaine Botox hair transplant surgery laser hair therapy
TLDR Androgenetic alopecia is common hair loss caused by genetics and hormones, with treatments to slow it but no cure.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of progressive hair loss globally, affecting both men and women. It is characterized by a specific pattern of hair loss due to genetic factors and the influence of androgen hormones, particularly dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The condition leads to the miniaturization of hair follicles, a shortened anagen phase, and an extended telogen phase, impacting not only physical appearance but also psychological and social well-being. The pathophysiology involves complex interactions between genetic factors, androgen metabolism, and follicular sensitivity, with 5-alpha reductase playing a key role in increasing DHT levels. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and microvascular changes in the scalp are also contributing factors. Treatment options include pharmacological therapies like minoxidil and finasteride, as well as newer methods such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), low-level laser therapy, and hair transplants. However, there is no definitive cure, and treatments primarily aim to slow disease progression and promote hair growth.
