Exosomes in Trichology: A Literature Review

Exosome therapy is emerging as a promising, minimally invasive treatment for hair loss conditions such as androgenetic alopecia (AGA), alopecia areata (AA), and chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA). Exosomes, particularly those derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), deliver bioactive molecules that activate key signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin and VEGF, promoting hair follicle regeneration and growth. Clinical and preclinical studies show improvements in hair density and thickness with minimal adverse effects, suggesting a favorable safety profile. However, challenges such as standardizing protocols, optimizing delivery methods, and conducting larger randomized controlled trials remain. Overall, exosome therapy holds significant potential as a next-generation therapeutic tool in hair restoration, but further research is needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.