Exploring Androgenic Alopecia: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by hair loss due to the effects of 5-alpha-reductase and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on hair follicles. The review discusses various treatments for AGA, including FDA-approved options like topical minoxidil, oral finasteride, and low-level light therapy (LLLT), as well as other therapies such as hormonal treatments, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), exosome therapies, and hair transplantation. It evaluates these treatments based on effectiveness, side effects, and management strategies, highlighting recent studies and the potential of combination therapies. PRP and LLLT are noted for their promising results in managing AGA.