Use of Finasteride and Minoxidil for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review

This narrative review examines the effectiveness of Minoxidil and finasteride in treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA), analyzing literature from 2013 to 2023. Both drugs, available in topical and oral forms, are effective in promoting hair growth. Topical Minoxidil (2%-5%) may cause skin irritation and hypertrichosis, while oral Minoxidil (0.25-5.0 mg) offers better adherence but raises cardiovascular concerns. Topical finasteride (0.25-1.0%) is effective but linked to hypertrichosis and cardiovascular effects, and its oral form (1 mg/day) is restricted to men due to potential sexual and reproductive issues. Combining Minoxidil and finasteride shows superior efficacy compared to monotherapy. The review concludes that while these treatments are effective, they have potential adverse effects, and combined therapy could improve outcomes and adherence, suggesting a multifaceted therapeutic approach.