Hyaluronic Acid Microneedles Enhance Transdermal Delivery of Minoxidil Derivatives with 1,2,4-Oxadiazole-5-One Unit for Effective Hair Regeneration: Insights from X-Ray Crystallography and Animal Models

This study explores the synthesis and evaluation of minoxidil (MXD) derivatives containing a 1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-one unit to enhance hair regeneration in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). The derivatives were synthesized through acylating cyclization and characterized using various analytical techniques, including X-ray crystallography. The study utilized hyaluronic acid microneedles for transdermal delivery, demonstrating that these MXD derivatives are non-toxic and promote hair regrowth in AGA mouse models. The research provides insights into the structure-activity relationship of MXD, suggesting that these derivatives could be promising candidates for AGA treatment.