Hepatotoxicity Associated With Anabolic Androgenic Steroids And Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: A Literature Review

This literature review highlights the growing concern over the misuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), particularly among bodybuilders and young male athletes. These substances, often found in over-the-counter supplements, are linked to significant hepatotoxic effects. The review discusses recent studies that document various liver-related issues, including direct hepatocellular damage, acute cholestatic syndrome, peliosis hepatis, and the development of benign and malignant liver tumors, such as hepatic adenomas and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The widespread availability and off-label use of these substances underscore the need for increased awareness and regulation.