Hormonal and Genetic Controls of Hirsutism: Link Between Hyperprolactinemia, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hirsutism

July 2024 in “ Journal of Medical and Life Science ”

Zainab Zamil Gataa Allami, Maytham A. Dragh, Salah H. Faraj, Rana S. Jawad

hirsutism hyperprolactinemia polycystic ovary syndrome prolactin DHEA DHEA sulfate SHBG testosterone adrenal DHEA-S Reactive Oxygen Species PCOS ROS

TLDR Hormones, genes, and oxidative stress interact to cause hirsutism and PCOS.

This review explores the hormonal and genetic factors contributing to hirsutism, particularly focusing on the roles of prolactin and hyperprolactinemia. It highlights how prolactin influences DHEA and DHEA sulfate levels, affects hepatic synthesis of SHBG, and increases ovarian testosterone and adrenal DHEA-S production. The review also discusses the involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hirsutism. It concludes that a complex interaction between hormones, genes, and ROS may explain the differences in PCOS and hirsutism manifestations among patients compared to healthy individuals.

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