Mechanisms of Impaired Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Therapeutic Approaches in Aging and Chronic Disease

The document reviews the decline in skeletal muscle regeneration associated with aging and chronic diseases, focusing on mechanisms like satellite cell dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and metabolic issues. It highlights the roles of signaling pathways such as Notch, Wnt, and TGFβ in muscle repair and identifies conditions like Duchenne muscular dystrophy, COPD, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cancer cachexia as having unique challenges. Therapeutic strategies discussed include exercise, bioactive molecules, gene editing, and cell therapies, with an emphasis on multi-target approaches due to limited clinical evidence. The review underscores the complexity of muscle regeneration and the potential of integrated therapeutic strategies to enhance muscle repair.