Multisystem Adverse Effects of Isotretinoin: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications

    January 2026 in “ International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science ”
    Marcin Chwalczuk, Klaudia Leszto, Franciszek Szweda, Tomasz Poczwardowski, Adrianna Kaczmarek, Olivia Grygorcewicz, Marta Koneczna, Katarzyna Anna Kowalska, Jakub Tomasz Latos, Karolina Alicja Krystyniak, Kinga Augustyniak
    Isotretinoin is highly effective for severe acne but can cause multisystem adverse effects due to its action on retinoic acid and retinoid X receptors. Common side effects include mucocutaneous reactions like cheilitis and xerosis, while hepatic enzyme elevations and dyslipidemia are dose-dependent but reversible. Musculoskeletal, ocular, and neuropsychiatric effects are rare and mild, though psychiatric monitoring is advised for at-risk individuals. Gastrointestinal and endocrine issues, such as subclinical hypothyroidism, are reported but not strongly linked to isotretinoin. Hematologic and renal changes are minor and temporary. The most significant risk is teratogenicity, necessitating strict contraceptive measures. Adverse effects are generally manageable with personalized dosing and monitoring, highlighting the importance of understanding these mechanisms for safe treatment.
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