Live Imaging of Skin Immunity Using Two-Photon Microscopy: A Short Review

Two-photon excitation microscopy is a significant advancement in dermatologic research, providing high-resolution, real-time imaging of living skin and its immune responses. This technique allows for the observation of dynamic processes such as immune cell migration and vascular changes with reduced phototoxicity and deeper tissue penetration. It has been used to study immune interactions, inflammation, wound healing, and barrier homeostasis, and has challenged traditional views on antigen presentation. Despite its potential, clinical application is limited by safety concerns and equipment costs. The review suggests that future advancements in imaging hardware and safe fluorescent probes could enhance its clinical utility, potentially reducing the need for traditional skin biopsies.