MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Hair Follicle Regeneration: Mechanisms, Delivery Strategies, and Translational Perspectives

    Yuyu Deng, K Hong, Mengting Xiong, C J Li, X L Tao
    TLDR MicroRNAs can help regenerate hair by influencing stem cells and immune responses, but delivery challenges exist.
    The document discusses the role of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in hair follicle regeneration, highlighting their ability to regulate cell fate transitions, signaling pathways, and inflammatory processes. miRNAs are identified as potential targets for hair regenerative therapies due to their influence on hair follicle stem cell activation and immune microenvironmental homeostasis. The review explores miRNA-mediated pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin and Sonic hedgehog for promoting hair growth, and TGF-β/BMP for initiating hair regression. It also addresses miRNA's role in immune-mediated alopecias like alopecia areata. Delivery strategies for miRNA therapies include lipid nanoparticles and polymeric nanocarriers, but challenges such as off-target effects and immunogenicity remain. The review proposes a roadmap for clinical translation focusing on combinatorial nucleic-acid strategies and standardized efficacy endpoints.
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