Nano-Enabled CRISPR-Cas Gene Editing for Cancer Therapeutics

The document reviews the integration of nanotechnology with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to enhance cancer therapeutics, addressing delivery challenges through nanocarriers that improve cellular uptake, endosomal escape, and targeted delivery. It highlights various non-viral delivery systems, such as lipid, polymeric, inorganic, and peptide/DNA-based nanoparticles, for their reduced immunogenicity and scalability. The review discusses stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms and targeting strategies to enhance specificity and efficacy, aiming to overcome biological barriers and improve therapeutic outcomes. Despite advancements, challenges like delivery system complexity and tumor heterogeneity remain, necessitating further research to optimize these technologies for clinical application.