Ozone and Procaine Increase Secretion of Platelet-Derived Factors in Platelet-Rich Plasma

This study explored the effects of ozone and procaine on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to enhance its regenerative properties. Using transmission electron microscopy and bioanalytical assays, researchers found that both agents induced significant morpho-functional changes in platelets, leading to an increased release of bioactive factors. Ozone treatment resulted in increased surface protrusions and α-granule release, while procaine treatment led to a higher release of microvesicles. Nine out of thirteen analyzed platelet-derived factors significantly increased after treatment, indicating that ozone and procaine can enhance PRP's therapeutic potential without damaging the platelets.