Recent Progress and Morphological Distribution of Polydopamine-Based Biomaterials and Their Applications

Polydopamine (PDA)-based biomaterials are gaining attention for their versatility and functionality in biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and cancer therapy. PDA's strong adhesiveness and biocompatibility make it ideal for forming stable, functional coatings and composites. Recent advancements focus on improving synthesis techniques and addressing challenges such as structural stability, toxicity, and production scalability. PDA materials, including nanoparticles, hydrogels, and coatings, offer enhanced therapeutic potential through targeted delivery and bioactive surfaces. Despite challenges like mechanical strength and long-term stability, PDA-based materials hold promise for personalized medicine and advanced medical applications, with ongoing research aimed at optimizing their clinical use.