Rebamipide Induces Hair Regeneration Through EP4-Driven Lipid Metabolism Remodeling

The study explores the potential of rebamipide, a drug originally used for gastric ulcers, in promoting hair regeneration. Using a telogen-phase mouse model, researchers found that topical rebamipide treatment significantly accelerated hair regrowth, with effects comparable to minoxidil. The mechanism involves rebamipide-induced autophagy and lipolysis in dermal adipocytes, leading to adipocyte dedifferentiation and activation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) via increased platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels. The study identifies the prostaglandin E receptor EP4 as a key target, with rebamipide binding to it and triggering PI3K/ERK-dependent pathways. These findings suggest rebamipide as a promising candidate for hair loss treatment by remodeling lipid metabolism and activating HFSCs. Further research is needed to understand the precise mechanisms and validate EP4 as a therapeutic target, including studies on human scalp tissue.