Reproductive Health Screening for Endometriosis, Reduced Ovarian Reserve, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Common Sexually Transmitted Diseases

This review discusses the current state of reproductive health screening for conditions such as endometriosis, reduced ovarian reserve, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). For endometriosis, early detection relies on symptom-based questionnaires and elevated serum levels of cancer antigen 125, as no reliable biomarker exists. Reduced ovarian reserve is effectively screened using anti-Mullerian hormone levels. While diagnosing PCOS is straightforward, reliable screening methods are still needed, with gene expression analysis showing potential. STD screening focuses on early detection of pathogens like Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae to prevent complications such as infertility. The review emphasizes the need for further research to develop effective biomarkers for endometriosis and PCOS screening.