Understanding the Role of Type I Interferons in Cutaneous Lupus and Dermatomyositis: Toward Better Therapeutics

The document explores the role of type I interferons (IFNs) in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and dermatomyositis (DM), emphasizing the challenges in treating these autoimmune skin diseases due to a lack of FDA-approved therapies. It highlights that CLE is primarily driven by IFNα, while IFNβ plays a more significant role in DM. Emerging therapies targeting the IFN system and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors, show promise. Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of treatments like sifalimumab, dazukibart, and anifrolumab. The document stresses the need for further studies to explore these therapies' potential and calls for trials to include patients with skin-predominant DM to improve treatment access.