Scalp Microbiome in Male Androgenetic Alopecia: 16S rRNA Sequencing-Based Clinical Characterization, Mouse Model Validation, and Effects on Hair Follicle Cells

This study explored the role of scalp microbiome dysbiosis in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) by analyzing microbial samples from 12 AGA patients and 12 healthy controls, using a mouse model and in vitro experiments. Results showed that AGA patients had increased microbial richness and diversity, with a notable decrease in Staphylococcus abundance, particularly in the frontal and vertex regions. In contrast, the mouse model showed an increase in Staphylococcus. The study identified Staphylococcus abundance as a sensitive bio-indicator of AGA. Additionally, Staphylococcus epidermidis-derived PSMδ was found to significantly promote human dermal papilla cell proliferation and migration, suggesting its potential in modulating hair follicle cell activity and offering insights for microbiome-targeted AGA interventions.