The Role of Natural Hydrogels in Enhancing Wound Healing: From Biomaterials to Bioactive Therapies

The review highlights the potential of natural hydrogels in enhancing wound healing by mimicking the extracellular matrix and providing a moist environment for wounds. Derived from polysaccharides, proteins, and peptides, these hydrogels offer biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity, including antimicrobial properties. They support cellular adhesion, migration, and can be engineered for controlled therapeutic delivery. Despite promising preclinical and clinical outcomes, challenges such as regulatory hurdles, cost-effectiveness, and mechanical consistency limit their widespread clinical adoption compared to established products like Integra® and Apligraf®. Future advancements may include smart features and biofabrication technologies, but overcoming scalability, regulatory, and economic challenges is crucial for clinical translation.