Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Tofacitinib for Patients With Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Multi-Center Cohort Study

This retrospective multi-center cohort study assessed the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib, a JAK1/3 inhibitor, in treating refractory alopecia areata (AA). Over 12 weeks, tofacitinib significantly reduced SALT scores and promoted eyebrow and eyelash regrowth, with improvements in patient-reported outcomes. The treatment was more effective in severe AA cases and showed consistent results across both pediatric and adult populations. Some patients experienced manageable transient disease worsening. Despite the study's small sample size, tofacitinib proved to be a viable therapeutic option for severe AA, highlighting the importance of patient-reported outcomes in real-world studies.