Molecular Mechanisms of Vitexin: An Update on Its Anti-Cancer Functions

Vitexin, a natural flavonoid glycoside, demonstrates significant anti-cancer properties by modulating various cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle progression, autophagy, metastasis, and angiogenesis across multiple cancer types. It targets key signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, and STAT3, and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Despite challenges in bioavailability, advances in nanotechnology could improve its therapeutic potential. Vitexin's ability to target multiple cancer-related pathways and its favorable safety profile make it a promising candidate for future cancer treatments, although further research is needed to optimize delivery and evaluate its safety and efficacy in humans.