The Hair Loss Encyclopedia
painful menstrual cramps in the lower abdomen
Dysmenorrhea, commonly known as menstrual cramps, refers to the pain and discomfort experienced in the lower abdomen before or during menstruation. It can be classified into primary dysmenorrhea, which is pain without an underlying medical condition, and secondary dysmenorrhea, which is pain caused by a reproductive system disorder such as endometriosis or fibroids.