Human placental extract effectively and safely improves melasma, ulcers, and alopecia areata.
4 citations
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December 2023 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Topical metformin effectively treats melasma with minimal side effects.
July 2021 in “Physiology and Pharmacology” Umbilical cord masks can help reduce melasma in postpartum women.
38 citations
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August 2015 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Topical flutamide works as well as hydroquinone for melasma but needs more safety checks.
20 citations
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April 2019 in “BioMed Research International” Treatments with sunscreen and active ingredients can reduce skin hyperpigmentation by decreasing DNA methylation.