November 2022 in “The Caucasus” The document's conclusion cannot be provided because the content is not in a readable format.
54 citations
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November 2014 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Combining LFQS and IPL is more effective and faster for treating melasma than LFQS alone.
13 citations
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February 2020 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Microneedling and oral tranexamic acid both improve facial melasma, but microneedling shows more sustained benefits.
4 citations
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December 2023 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Topical metformin effectively treats melasma with minimal side effects.
Human placental extract effectively and safely improves melasma, ulcers, and alopecia areata.