Forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) from low template DNA (LT-DNA) has advanced with the integration of machine learning (ML) models, improving predictive accuracy for traits like eye and hair color, with AUC > 0.9 for eye color and up to 15% improvement in SNP recovery. Tools such as HIrisPlex-S and VISAGE panels are effective for eye and hair color prediction, though challenges remain for skin tone, age, and facial morphology, especially in admixed populations. Future efforts should focus on multi-omics integration, portable sequencing, and inclusive datasets to enhance accuracy and ethical compliance in forensic applications.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” 3D human skin models show promise for dermatology but face challenges in standardization and cost.
March 2024 in “Current issues in molecular biology” Personalized medicine in dermatology uses molecular biomarkers to improve diagnosis and treatment but needs further advancements for practical use.
October 2025 in “Animal Bioscience” Key genes linked to important traits in Chinese sheep and goats have been identified, but challenges remain in breeding improvements.
February 2026 in “BMC Genomics” MEG3-miRNAs help control wool traits in young Tan sheep by regulating immune responses, but their decline with age leads to wool changes.