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January 1990 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan” Permanent wave lotion can extract proteins from hair, especially when pH is higher, and repeated treatments or bleaching can damage hair.
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December 2001 in “PubMed” The conclusion is that substances can penetrate hair fibers through multiple pathways, including both the cell membrane complex and the non-keratinous parts.
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April 2009 in “Mycoses” Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
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54 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” A new method effectively separates keratin-associated proteins and keratin from human hair.