July 2021 in “Advances in laboratory medicine” Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.
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23 citations
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January 2020 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Dihydrotestosterone affects hair growth by changing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, with low levels helping and high levels hindering growth.
41 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
December 1998 in “Acta Crystallographica Section C-crystal Structure Communications” A new compound with strong antiandrogenic effects was found, potentially useful for treating conditions like acne and prostate cancer.
June 2025 in “Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences” 3βHSD2 is not useful for diagnosing PCOS.
October 2004 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Men with hair loss don't necessarily have higher levels of the hormone DHEA-S, but this hormone tends to decrease with age.
The oral testosterone effectively increased testosterone levels and reduced SHBG, showing promise for treating testosterone deficiency.
53 citations
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July 2014 in “American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone boosts red blood cell production and changes iron metabolism without needing dihydrotestosterone.
November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
1 citations
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December 2011 in “Arzneimittelforschung” CB-03-04 shows promise as a treatment for prostate issues due to its strong anti-androgen effects.
10 citations
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January 1997 in “The journal of sex research/The Journal of sex research” Testosterone replacement therapy significantly improved sexual interest and function in HIV+ men.
105 citations
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January 2009 in “Medicine” Hirsutism is more linked to high androgen levels than acne or hair loss, and a mix of hormonal tests is best for diagnosis; certain treatments can reduce symptoms.
11 citations
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September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
9 citations
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February 2004 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Canine hair follicle cells metabolize DHEA and testosterone differently than human cells.
77 citations
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May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.
17 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.
2 citations
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November 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” Inhaled substances in e-cigarettes can cause hormone imbalances similar to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
13 citations
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May 1996 in “Archives of Disease in Childhood” Siblings with signs of virilization should be tested for non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, which does not affect adult height but may impact fertility and well-being if untreated.
124 citations
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March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
January 2005 in “Translational and Clinical Pharmacology” HDMHG0401-10 improves hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia and has no major side effects.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
19 citations
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March 2010 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Curcumin and its derivatives can block an enzyme important for making testosterone, with one derivative being particularly strong.
9 citations
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April 2021 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.
10 citations
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March 1973 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
28 citations
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May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
59 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 13-year-old girl's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a rare adrenal tumor that produced male hormones.
2 citations
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September 1992 in “Steroids” New A-homo-B, 19-dinor steroids showed strong antiandrogenic activity without affecting the enzyme 5α-reductase or androgen receptor binding.