May 2009 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” DHEA therapy improved pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in young females with adrenal insufficiency.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.
January 2015 in “Side effects of drugs annual” The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.
3 citations
,
April 2017 in “Clinical Drug Investigation” The study found that prescribing patterns for Cyproterone Acetate/Ethinylestradiol in Italy did not significantly change after EMA recommendations.
16 citations
,
August 2022 in “Drug Testing and Analysis” Transdermal exposure to certain steroids can be detected in urine for up to 14 days.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Using LC-MS/MS for hormone measurement can prevent false high testosterone results and avoid unnecessary tests.
11 citations
,
May 2022 in “World Journal of Biological Chemistry” Progesterone may help trans women with breast development and health, but more research is needed.
98 citations
,
July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Individuals with this condition often develop male traits and identities at puberty despite being raised as females.
19 citations
,
October 2019 in “BMC Neuroscience” Blood hormone levels don't accurately show brain hormone levels in males.
26 citations
,
March 2006 in “Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders. Drug targets” This enzyme helps metabolize fatty acids and isoleucine, and could be key in treating neurological diseases and certain cancers.
January 2016 in “Journal of SAFOG” Girls with PCOS and menstrual disorders have notably higher androgen hormone levels.
134 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” A new method accurately measures long-term steroid levels in human hair.
22 citations
,
March 2000 in “Clinical endocrinology” Most patients experienced hirsutism again after stopping hormone treatment, indicating long-term treatment is needed to maintain results.
1 citations
,
October 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Antiandrogens can treat female hormonal conditions, but environmental ones may harm reproductive health.
14 citations
,
September 2007 in “Steroids” The study concluded that androstendione and DHEA are important for diagnosing high male hormone levels in women with excessive hair growth.
9 citations
,
April 2016 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Scalp hair 17-OHP and androstenedione levels can help monitor treatment in CAH patients.
1 citations
,
January 2023 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” High DHEA and short cervical length in women with PCOS and recurrent miscarriages may harm pregnancy outcomes.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Testosterone affects androgen receptors and lipid storage in cells, while DHEA does not convert to testosterone or affect these receptors in the same way.
9 citations
,
November 2008 in “Journal of Womens Health” Researchers had trouble finding enough participants for a trial on DHEA's effects on postmenopausal women's sexual desire.
7 citations
,
October 2019 in “Case reports in endocrinology” A young woman's symptoms suggested PCOS, but tests and surgery confirmed and treated a rare ovarian tumor, resolving her condition.
June 2011 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” Estrogens and androgens are crucial for male fertility.
10 citations
,
March 1973 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 9 citations
,
December 1987 in “European journal of endocrinology” The treatment significantly reduced hair growth and male hormone levels in hirsute women.
Bicalutamide does not significantly affect liver enzymes and is a safe anti-androgen option for transfeminine individuals.
12 citations
,
March 2018 in “Analytical chemistry” Researchers created a new method to measure brain steroids, finding higher levels of certain steroids and changes due to a drug.
5 citations
,
January 2005 in “Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry” New steroids were effective in blocking male hormone receptors in hamster prostates.
14 citations
,
May 2005 in “Steroids” A new method was developed to make finasteride for treating hair loss.
February 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Estrogen is not recommended for menopausal hair loss due to insufficient evidence.
3 citations
,
August 2021 in “Nutrition research” Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.