633 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.
378 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.
34 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Many young Italian women have hyperandrogenic disorders like PCOS, which are linked to age, body weight, and insulin resistance.
51 citations
,
November 2011 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” About 13% of women had idiopathic hirsutism and 8.5% had polycystic ovary syndrome in a group of Iranian women.
1 citations
,
November 2007 in “Humana Press eBooks” Most cases of high male hormone levels in women are due to polycystic ovary syndrome.
36 citations
,
October 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Insulin resistance and high male hormone levels are major causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
27 citations
,
May 2002 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Brothers of women with PCOS tend to have higher levels of a hormone called DHEAS, indicating a possible genetic link.
11 citations
,
May 2024 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Fetal ovaries produce different hormones than adult ovaries, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals may affect this process.
January 2011 in “Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” Hair relaxers are linked to reduced cystine levels and potential hair damage.
491 citations
,
July 2000 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic ovary syndrome is found in 6.5% of unselected Caucasian women in Spain.
298 citations
,
July 2000 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” About 6.5% of young Caucasian women in Spain have polycystic ovary syndrome.
17 citations
,
October 2012 in “Dermatologic clinics” Treating excessive hair in women requires a holistic approach, including medical, aesthetic, and emotional support.
5 citations
,
October 2014 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Triptorelin helps evaluate hormone production in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors.
71 citations
,
May 2007 in “The FASEB journal” Human hair follicles produce and respond to erythropoietin, helping protect against stress.
77 citations
,
July 2020 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.
118 citations
,
February 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility” Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” Women with a certain type of tumor had higher levels of pregnancy hormone and male hormones, which decreased after treatment.
20 citations
,
December 2000 in “Fertility and Sterility” The N363S gene variant does not cause higher adrenal androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
3 citations
,
October 2024 in “Reproductive Sciences” Androgen measurements are mostly unnecessary for diagnosing PCOS, except in women with menstrual issues.
14 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.
3 citations
,
December 2011 in “Journal of Gynecologic Surgery” Three to five ovarian punctures are best for improving fertility in women with PCOS without harming the ovaries.
155 citations
,
March 2006 in “The American Journal of Medicine” Women with PCOS have heart-related issues not because of obesity, but due to insulin resistance and low adiponectin levels.
2 citations
,
September 2004 in “Fertility and sterility” High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.
53 citations
,
January 2006 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Reduced AR gene methylation may cause early pubic hair growth in girls.
24 citations
,
June 2018 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Thyroid diseases may contribute to autoimmune skin diseases, and more research is needed on their relationship.
1 citations
,
March 2025 in “Medical Molecular Morphology” Androgens affect the function and health of the endometrium.
467 citations
,
October 2014 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.
46 citations
,
December 2007 in “International Journal of Cardiology” People with polycystic ovary syndrome may have a higher risk of heart problems due to abnormal nervous system control of their heart and blood pressure.
12 citations
,
March 2013 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The study found a significant link between the renin-angiotensin system and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
48 citations
,
February 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” Women with PCOS often have hair loss, which is linked to acne or excess body hair but not to worse hormone or metabolic issues.