44 citations
,
January 2007 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” Black pepper leaf extract contains compounds that can block testosterone effects and promote hair growth.
38 citations
,
January 2002 in “Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Lygodii Spora extract may help treat hair loss by blocking a hair loss-related enzyme and promoting hair growth.
35 citations
,
October 2004 in “Biology of Reproduction” PNU157706 reduced rat sperm movement and fertility without affecting offspring health.
34 citations
,
March 2004 in “Journal of Liposome Research” Minoxidil-loaded liposomes effectively deliver to hair follicles, potentially improving hair growth and treating alopecia.
33 citations
,
May 1991 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Cromakalim relaxes various blood vessels, while minoxidil sulphate is more selective; they likely act on different potassium channels.
28 citations
,
November 2020 in “Fluid Phase Equilibria” Minoxidil dissolves better in propylene glycol + water than in supercritical CO2.
28 citations
,
April 2008 in “Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry” Minoxidil mixed with β-cyclodextrin improves solubility and gradual release.
26 citations
,
July 2003 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Minoxidil solution safely and effectively treats hair loss.
26 citations
,
January 1978 in “Nephron” Minoxidil lowers blood pressure effectively but may cause side effects.
23 citations
,
June 2017 in “Rejuvenation Research” Minoxidil treatment increases aorta elasticity and reduces stiffness in aged mice, potentially helping with age-related heart issues.
22 citations
,
October 2001 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” GI198745 is more potent and longer-lasting than finasteride, potentially better for treating hair loss.
14 citations
,
May 2005 in “Farmaco” A method was created in 2005 to identify minoxidil, a hair growth ingredient, in products using two types of capillary zone electrophoresis, and it found that most products had about 2% minoxidil.
7 citations
,
November 1987 in “Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy” Minoxidil can help thicken hair in some people with male pattern baldness, especially if used early and continuously.
7 citations
,
January 2018 in “Reproduction” Inhibiting 5α-reductase increases progesterone levels in late pregnant mares.
7 citations
,
April 2015 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Finasteride negatively affects fish reproduction and gonadal development.
5 citations
,
August 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” 5α-Reductase inhibitors do not consistently increase testosterone levels in the blood.
December 2025 in “Cureus” Using 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss may increase the risk of dry eye disease.
December 2023 in “Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry” Stiripentol shows promise as a potential treatment for androgen-related diseases but needs more testing.
37 citations
,
April 1979 in “The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Minoxidil effectively controls blood pressure but side effects may limit its use.
95 citations
,
December 1980 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Minoxidil helped bald patient regrow hair.
85 citations
,
January 2007 in “Journal of Drug Targeting” Liposomes better deliver minoxidil for hair loss treatment than niosomes.
28 citations
,
January 2004 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Minoxidil protects heart and improves recovery.
416 citations
,
September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.
215 citations
,
November 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Dutasteride more effective for hair growth, but has more side effects than finasteride.
195 citations
,
February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.
124 citations
,
January 1993 in “The Prostate” Finasteride effectively inhibits 5α reductase, while plant extracts like Permixon and Bazoton don't show significant results.
121 citations
,
March 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil can help grow hair in mice by making cells grow and improving hair quality. More research needed.
81 citations
,
February 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil boosts hair growth by activating PGHS-1.
72 citations
,
April 2008 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology” Dutasteride and finasteride do not significantly affect bone density, blood fats, or blood production, but slightly lower PSA levels and minimally impact sexual function in healthy young men.
52 citations
,
February 2006 in “Current pharmaceutical design” 5α-reductase inhibitors and alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists together effectively treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, with long-term benefits.