June 2023 in “Biochimica and biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids” Impaired ABCA5 activity disrupts cholesterol balance in hair follicle cells, affecting hair growth.
September 2025 in “Science Advances” PADI4 enzyme slows down cell growth in developing hair follicles.
372 citations
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December 2004 in “Nature Genetics”
January 2023 in “Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities” Carthamus oxyacantha may help treat BPH by inhibiting 5α-reductase.
8 citations
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August 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 6 citations
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March 2019 in “Medical science monitor basic research/Medical science monitor. Basic research” VEGFR-2 is active in hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and skin on the human scalp.
April 2008 in “Expert review of dermatology” Mutations in the P2RY5 gene cause hereditary woolly hair.
31 citations
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March 2010 in “Molecular Endocrinology” Androgens like testosterone increase colon muscle contractions by affecting calcium pathways.
42 citations
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August 2012 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride reduces certain behaviors caused by D1-like receptor agonists but not by D2-like receptor agonists in mice.
17 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” AKR1D1 controls glucocorticoid levels and receptor activity in liver cells.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
April 2020 in “International journal of clinical and diagnostic pathology” COX-2 and Bcl-2 proteins are involved in Lichen Planus.
January 2025 in “Cellular and Molecular Biology” The PIP5K1A gene helps cashmere growth in goats by promoting cell proliferation, and melatonin boosts its expression.
Eriocitrin and silymarin might be effective for hair loss treatment and need more research.
56 citations
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January 2022 in “Burns & Trauma” WNT5A contributes to keloid scars by promoting cell changes through specific signaling pathways.
19 citations
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March 2010 in “Steroids” Certain progesterone derivatives can inhibit enzymes and reduce androgenic activity, potentially affecting prostate growth.
8 citations
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July 2017 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” DHT affects testicular development and regulates spermatogenesis in some fish.
35 citations
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October 2013 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” VEGF165 influences hair follicle cell growth and movement through VEGFR-2 activation.
December 2025 in “Molecular Pain” Targeting the MC-5-HT-HTR2A axis may help treat chronic itching.
Blocking 5α-reductase can reduce sleep deprivation-related behavioral issues in rats.
February 2021 in “International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)” A higher testosterone/dihydrotestosterone ratio in PCOS patients may indicate worse metabolic health.
September 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The reconstructed skin model from hair follicles functions like human skin in processing chemicals and can be used to test ingredient safety.
Neurosteroids help control dopamine responses in the brain.
May 2012 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors might be linked to breast cancer in men.
4 citations
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June 2024 in “The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences” Atg5 can promote tumors when autophagy is deficient but suppresses them under normal conditions.
26 citations
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March 1995 in “Differentiation” A rabbit gene important for hair development was identified and detailed.
December 2009 in “Cancer Research” Over-expression of Sp2 can lead to cancer by preventing proper stem cell differentiation.
7 citations
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January 2015 in “Genetics and molecular research” The RORα gene is active in different parts of cashmere goat hair follicles and may be influenced by melatonin, especially in December when hair growth changes.
September 2002 in “Research Repository (Kingston University London)” Mimicking the steroid A-ring may help create effective enzyme inhibitors for prostate disease treatment.
2 citations
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January 1975 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Certain enzymes react strongly with some hormones in rat skin during hair growth, mainly in sebaceous glands and hair sheaths.