52 citations
,
February 2003 in “Archives of dermatology” 9-cis-retinoic acid showed some effectiveness in treating AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma but had significant side effects at higher doses.
24 citations
,
September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
Retinoids or their analogs could treat skin pigmentation disorders like melasma and vitiligo.
Retinoids can help treat skin pigmentation disorders by affecting melanin production.
January 1982 in “Side effects of drugs annual” High doses of certain vitamins can cause serious side effects and health risks.
108 citations
,
November 1980 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Oral retinoids are effective for various skin conditions but have side effects and should not be used during pregnancy.
52 citations
,
June 1981 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Oral retinoids are effective for severe skin conditions but require careful use due to side effects.
45 citations
,
September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.
31 citations
,
January 1981 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.
September 2024 in “Health Problems of Civilization” Isotretinoin effectively treats severe acne but has significant side effects requiring careful monitoring.
January 2004 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Certain skin drugs and topical agents, including some natural extracts and fragrances, can cause allergic reactions. Some hair dyes and extensions, as well as minoxidil, a hair growth treatment, can also cause allergies. Botulinum toxin A can effectively reduce sweat but may have temporary side effects.
4 citations
,
May 2018 in “Electronic Journal of Biotechnology” All-trans retinoic acid at high doses harms goat hair growth cells and could be bad for hair growth.
92 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.
Newer retinoid drugs are effective for skin conditions but have significant side effects.
47 citations
,
June 2019 in “Nature Communications” Noncoding dsRNA boosts hair growth by activating TLR3 and increasing retinoic acid.
59 citations
,
January 2015 in “Nanoscale” The new micelle formulation delivers acne treatment more effectively and safely than current gels.
51 citations
,
March 2014 in “Nature Communications” Skin tumor regression is helped by retinoic acid signaling blocking Wnt signaling.
127 citations
,
July 2002 in “EMBO journal” Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.
31 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” The right amount of retinoic acid is essential for normal hair growth and development.
84 citations
,
September 2008 in “Developmental biology” Retinoic acid-binding proteins in skin are regulated by β-catenin and Notch signalling.
50 citations
,
September 2011 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids” Maintaining the right amount of retinoic acid is crucial for healthy hair and skin.
3 citations
,
September 2019 in “PLOS ONE” Genetic variations affect dutasteride treatment response for male pattern hair loss.
103 citations
,
March 2011 in “PLoS Biology” Birds can lose neck feathers due to a genetic change that increases a gene's activity, helping them adapt to heat.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” RORA plays a key role in controlling seasonal hair molting by affecting hair follicle cell activity.
3 citations
,
February 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Ch55 may help reduce skin scarring and fibrosis.
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Retinoic acid may help heal skin without scars by reducing fibrosis and supporting skin regeneration.
Cosmetics can help with mild skin problems and daily care but must be used carefully to avoid skin irritation.
January 2023 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” The synthetic retinoid EC23 thickens skin and promotes hair growth more effectively and with a lower dose than natural retinoids.
1 citations
,
March 2024 in “Science” Vitamin A helps skin stem cells decide their function, aiding in hair growth and wound repair.
16 citations
,
September 2019 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Mice without certain skin enzymes have faster hair growth and bigger eye glands.