November 2003 in “Aap Grand Rounds” Low-dose flutamide-metformin therapy effectively improved PCOS symptoms in adolescent girls.
149 citations
,
December 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have overall higher body fat, not abnormal fat placement, and more insulin resistance.
September 2018 in “Cumhuriyet medical journal” Women with more body hair tend to have thicker belly fat and more metabolic health issues.
90 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
A very low-calorie ketogenic diet led to weight loss and improved metabolic and hormonal health in obese men, with better sperm motility.
21 citations
,
April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
January 2023 in “Applied sciences” Gefitinib and Sasam-Kyeongokgo together significantly reduce cancer growth and improve immune response in mice.
270 citations
,
April 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.
44 citations
,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.
9 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have thicker heart fat and are at higher risk for heart problems and early atherosclerosis.
October 2018 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have thicker heart fat and more heart and blood vessel risk factors, especially if their condition is not well-controlled.
March 2024 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal/Middle East Fertility Society Journal ” PCOS patients have more central body fat, which can be effectively measured using DEXA.
31 citations
,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
Men with hair loss may have more body fat and different blood characteristics.
March 2013 in “The Journal of Urology” Hair loss is linked to higher prostate-specific antigen levels and urinary symptoms, likely due to age.
18 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.
1 citations
,
June 2001 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” Troglitazone increases subcutaneous fat in lipodystrophy patients.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.
37 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
14 citations
,
August 2019 in “BioMed Research International” Belly fat is the main predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in both women with Polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women.
4 citations
,
March 2021 in “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” Women with PCOS have higher body fat and skinfold thickness, especially in the H-O-POM phenotype.
4 citations
,
December 2021 in “Pharmacological Reports” Metformin is less effective in men with early-onset hair loss.
4 citations
,
June 2021 in “Applied Sciences” Women with PCOS have higher body fat and worse insulin resistance and lipid profiles.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Neurology” Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of rare disease research & treatment” Obesity is common in PCOS patients and early treatment is important for their heart and metabolic health.
20 citations
,
October 2008 in “European journal of endocrinology” Lower lipin 1β in belly fat is linked to insulin resistance in people with polycystic ovary syndrome.
15 citations
,
August 2017 in “Scientific Reports” Young men with early hair loss have slightly worse blood sugar and fat levels, suggesting possible health risks and need for monitoring.
506 citations
,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
1 citations
,
June 2019 in “Current developments in nutrition” A patient with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome improved after treatment for fat malabsorption and essential fatty acid deficiency.