August 2013 in “Acta Ophthalmologica” Certain medications, hypertension, and short eye length increase the risk of Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome during cataract surgery.
January 2026 in “Avicenna Bulletin” Aligning hair implants with natural growth patterns improves hair transplant results.
May 2026 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Genetic factors, including a variant near the FGF5 gene, contribute to hirsutism and are linked to PCOS and metabolic traits.
2 citations
,
January 2004 in “Korean Journal of Andrology”
April 2025 in “The Journal of Urology” Long-term finasteride use may lower prostate cancer risk but increase the need for erectile dysfunction medication.
December 1999 in “Evidence-based obstetrics and gynecology/Evidence-based obstetrics & gynecology” Flutamide worked better than finasteride for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but had more side effects.
49 citations
,
March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An ovarian tumor caused a woman's male-like symptoms, which improved after surgery.
Hirsutism, often caused by PCOS, is treated with medication and weight loss is important for obese women with PCOS.
29 citations
,
July 2012 in “Fertility and Sterility” Low and ultralow doses of flutamide can cause liver damage in young women with high androgen levels, regardless of dose or birth control use, with higher risk for those with higher BMI and liver enzyme levels before treatment.
40 citations
,
January 2010 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” The French Endocrine Society suggests diagnosing PCOS with two of three signs, recommends lifestyle changes and clomiphene for treatment, and calls for more research on certain treatments and tests.
May 2019 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Frontal fibrosing alopecia mostly affects postmenopausal women, with diagnosis often delayed by 3 years.
5 citations
,
August 1987 in “Andrology” Men with low or no sperm count have lower salivary testosterone levels, and saliva testing can measure their testosterone well.
6 citations
,
January 2019 in “Medical Hypotheses” Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia might be an autoimmune disease.
May 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” PCOS increases sexual pain distress in infertile women.
9 citations
,
December 1987 in “European journal of endocrinology” The treatment significantly reduced hair growth and male hormone levels in hirsute women.
September 2017 in “Fertility and sterility” Vietnamese women with PCOS tend to be younger, have larger waists, higher AMH levels, and more body hair than those without PCOS.
7 citations
,
September 1988 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism and acne in women by blocking androgens in the skin and also works as a contraceptive.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's masculine features were caused by a rare ovarian tumor that produced male hormones.
2 citations
,
December 2001 in “PubMed” October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A postmenopausal woman had rare symptoms due to a possible ovarian tumor, needing thorough evaluation.
May 2008 in “10th European Congress of Endocrinology” Flutamide alone is as effective as the combination with finasteride for treating hirsutism.
2 citations
,
January 2013 in “Türkiye klinikleri tıp bilimleri dergisi” The study suggests using a score of 11 on the mFG scale to diagnose hirsutism in Turkish women, with adjustments for age, skin type, and family history.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
6 citations
,
January 2009 In PCOS, high male hormones cause hair growth, acne, and hair loss, affecting periods.
4 citations
,
April 2017 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” The study concluded that a higher waist-hip ratio significantly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS.
31 citations
,
October 2015 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is not very common among Iranian women, but it's important to prevent it because of the risk of heart disease and infertility.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
20 citations
,
October 2017 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.
70 citations
,
February 2012 in “Human Reproduction” Many young women who donate blood have hormonal disorders like excess male hormones and PCOS.