134 citations
,
July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
54 citations
,
January 2023 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy” New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.
17 citations
,
December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” The excimer laser may help hair regrow in alopecia areata patients.
6 citations
,
December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata involves complex immune and genetic factors, with potential treatment targets identified, but more research is needed.
April 2024 in “Military Medical Research/Military medical research” Cellular and immunotherapies show promise for healing chronic wounds but need more research.
15 citations
,
January 2022 in “Immune Network/Immune network” New targeted immunotherapies are improving treatment for inflammatory skin diseases.
January 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Pediatric alopecia areata is more immune-active than adult cases, suggesting age-specific treatments and potential use of JAK inhibitors.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Androgenetic alopecia involves immune cell disruptions, especially increased CD4+ T cells around hair follicles.
53 citations
,
July 2018 in “Drug design, development and therapy” Janus kinase inhibitors show promise in treating alopecia areata but need better topical formulations.
25 citations
,
November 2020 in “Cell Reports Medicine” Developing human skin has immune cells with memory-like features.
106 citations
,
January 2013 in “Clinical and Developmental Immunology” Alopecia areata is caused by immune system attacks on hair follicles, often triggered by viral infections.
79 citations
,
December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata may be treated by restoring hair follicle immune privilege and adjusting immune responses.
46 citations
,
November 2022 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Bullous pemphigoid is influenced by genetic factors, immune cell dysfunction, aging, and triggers, with treatment often improving symptoms.
38 citations
,
January 2019 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” The document concluded that more research is needed to find the best treatment for Frontal fibrosing alopecia.
28 citations
,
March 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Kv1.3 blockers may help treat alopecia areata and promote hair regrowth.
26 citations
,
September 2013 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Serum granulysin levels can indicate the activity and prognosis of alopecia areata.
16 citations
,
December 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Alopecia areata involves persistent gene abnormalities and immune activity, even in regrown hair, suggesting a risk of relapse.
12 citations
,
September 2022 in “Frontiers in Genetics” Enhancing CD8+ T cell function to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells may help treat skin melanoma.
11 citations
,
June 2017 in “Mathematical Medicine and Biology A Journal of the IMA” The model helps understand and improve treatments for alopecia areata by simulating hair growth and immune cell interactions.
10 citations
,
August 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Leptin-deficient mice, used as a model for Type 2 Diabetes, have delayed wound healing due to impaired contraction and other dysfunctional cellular responses.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Unconventional lymphocytes are important for quick immune responses and healing of skin and mucosal barriers.
4 citations
,
October 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Using an anti-ICAM-1 antibody with rapamycin improves hair transplant survival in monkeys.
3 citations
,
July 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Stress may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata by affecting immune responses and cell death in hair follicles.
November 2025 in “Trends in Immunotherapy” Exosomes from certain cells can improve hair regrowth by changing the immune response.
6 citations
,
March 2019 in “Medical science monitor basic research/Medical science monitor. Basic research” VEGFR-2 is active in hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and skin on the human scalp.
June 2019 in “International journal of dermatology and venereology” The Hedgehog Signaling Pathway is important for skin and hair development and skin cancer treatment, but more research is needed to understand it fully.
42 citations
,
April 2021 in “JCI insight” Blocking JAK3 signaling can reverse hair loss from alopecia areata.
March 2026 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Hair dye ingredient PPD can cause severe allergic reactions, including facial swelling.
January 2026 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Folliculotropic Mycosis Fungoides requires stage-based treatment, with early stages using skin therapies and advanced stages needing aggressive treatments.
May 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Targeting gut microbiome and metabolome may help treat autoimmune skin diseases like alopecia areata.