21 citations
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November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
8 citations
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January 2025 in “Journal of Adolescent Health” Most transgender adolescents continued hormone treatment, with few stopping due to reasons other than returning to their birth gender.
59 citations
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May 1995 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
September 2025 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”
12 citations
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October 2018 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy in transgender women can affect hair growth and acne, and there are specific skin issues related to gender-affirming surgery, but more research is needed on their dermatological health.
130 citations
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September 1990 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Flutamide effectively reduced excessive hair growth and improved related symptoms in hirsutism patients without significant side effects.
1 citations
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January 2014 Various treatments can help manage hidradenitis suppurativa based on its severity.
January 2026 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Injectable therapy, especially with dutasteride, may help with hair loss, but more research is needed.
4 citations
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January 1991 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” Goserelin and oestradiol treatment slightly improved hairiness but did not significantly change sebum production or hair characteristics in mildly hirsute women.
July 2017 in “Nursing2023” Actemra is approved for a specific artery condition, HIV treatment adherence has improved, women may pay more for a hair loss product, and incorrect dosing of blood thinners can be risky.
1 citations
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October 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Antiandrogens can treat female hormonal conditions, but environmental ones may harm reproductive health.
20 citations
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January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
10 citations
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January 2010 in “PubMed” Adjuvants, diet changes, and laser therapy may improve male pattern hair loss.
24 citations
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December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Transgender women can develop feminine traits and improve their quality of life through hormone therapy and surgery, but results vary and access to surgery can be limited.
11 citations
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January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A woman with a rare adrenal tumor and hormonal disorder had improved testosterone levels after surgery, but her menstrual irregularities continued.
2 citations
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October 1988 in “Steroids” Certain hormone treatments can increase SBP levels and help with mild body hair growth.
51 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
19 citations
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January 1993 in “Dermatologic Clinics”
11 citations
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January 1998 in “Dermatology” Spironolactone works well for acne and hirsutism, isotretinoin is very effective for acne and may have antiandrogenic effects, and 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors should be considered antiandrogens.
May 2023 in “Elsevier eBooks” Some treatments that modify the immune system might help with certain types of hair loss but haven't been explored for common hair loss alone.
September 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormone therapy in transgender and gender diverse individuals affects hair loss differently than in cisgender individuals.
May 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Bicalutamide shows promise for treating female hair loss.
82 citations
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February 1989 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” A three-month treatment with a GnRH agonist significantly lowered androgen levels and 5α-reductase activity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
3 citations
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April 1977 in “PubMed” The treatment improved acne, seborrhoea, and hirsutism, with some side effects like spotting and nervousness.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics” Gender-affirming therapy can cause skin issues like acne and hair loss in transgender adolescents, and more research is needed on its dermatological effects.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “AACE clinical case reports” Testosterone pellets might work for transgender men's hormone therapy, but more research is needed.
8 citations
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July 2024 in “Children” Biologics and targeted therapies could improve treatment for children with certain chronic skin conditions.
37 citations
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October 2006 in “Steroids” New sulfur-containing steroid analogs show promise for more targeted medical treatments.