21 citations
,
October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone therapy helped 63% of androgen-deficient women grow scalp hair, but more research is needed.
15 citations
,
December 2021 in “Nature Communications” Androgens in female meerkats influence aggression and dominance, affecting social dynamics and offspring behavior.
3 citations
,
January 2018 in “Reproduction, Fertility and Development” Birth control pills increase certain receptor activities in female gerbil prostate glands and can lead to prostate changes.
October 2022 in “Medical Clinical Update Journal” Early diagnosis and treatment with Leuprolide are key for children with precocious puberty.
13 citations
,
August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Adipose tissue shows promise for hair regrowth, but more research is needed to confirm best practices and effectiveness.
2295 citations
,
August 2012 in “The international journal of transgenderism/International journal of transgenderism” The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
47 citations
,
April 2017 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” The new dutasteride formula can be applied to the skin, may promote hair growth, and has fewer side effects.
28 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
9 citations
,
June 2020 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Spironolactone is effective for acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, female hair loss, and hirsutism but is underused in dermatology.
September 2025 in “Cureus” There is no standard treatment for CCCA, and practices vary widely.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Sexual Medicine” Certain medications, especially 5-α reductase inhibitors and neuropsychiatric drugs, are often linked to erectile dysfunction.
January 2025 in “The World Journal of Men s Health” Finasteride temporarily suppresses brain activity, but some effects last even after stopping.
January 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” The document suggests that finasteride may cause depression and suicidal thoughts, while prostate surgery does not harm sexual health.
April 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Dutasteride use can lead to a stable decline in sexual function that is not affected by age or prostate size.
May 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Caffeine and adenosine in shampoo may boost hair growth and change scalp microbes and lipids.
February 2026 in “Journal of Psychosexual Health” Finasteride can cause long-lasting sexual dysfunction even after stopping the drug.
April 2015 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” The safety of the hair loss drug finasteride is unclear due to inadequate reporting in clinical trials.
2 citations
,
May 2017 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Topical minoxidil 5% can cause erectile dysfunction and decreased libido.
May 2022 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction by reducing epinephrine levels.
8 citations
,
October 2021 in “The international journal of risk and safety in medicine” The document sets criteria for diagnosing long-term sexual dysfunctions caused by certain medications.
October 2023 in “Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology” Finasteride is more harmful to male reproductive health than minoxidil.
11 citations
,
August 2019 in “BMJ” Post-finasteride syndrome causes sexual, physical, and psychological symptoms, but more research is needed to understand its causes and connection to finasteride.
90 citations
,
December 2007 in “Current Oncology” Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.
11 citations
,
April 2023 in “Annals of General Psychiatry” Serotonergic antidepressants can significantly increase the risk of erectile dysfunction and have a small risk of causing irreversible sexual dysfunction.
8 citations
,
March 2022 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” Combining spironolactone with metformin reduces insulin resistance in PCOS better than either drug alone.
May 2023 in “Al-Mağallaẗ al-ʻirāqiyyaẗ li-l-ṣaydalaẗ” High doses of rosemary extract can harm the liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs in young rats.
January 2023 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” Low oxygen conditions improve how well certain stem cells from embryos can make hair grow longer and faster.
Antiepileptic drugs can cause cosmetic side effects and affect menstrual cycles, fertility, and bone health in women with epilepsy.
Four natural compounds were found to promote hair growth effectively.